螺紋中徑測量法

更新時間：2019-07-12

點擊次數：7332

測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)前，先將立柱傾斜一個等(deng)于被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)升角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度，并利用(yong)(yong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)顯微鏡(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)分(fen)劃板上的(de)(de)米字(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點使(shi)(shi)(shi)與被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪(lun)廓(kuo)影象(xiang)的(de)(de)一邊和(he)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點重(zhong)合(he)后(hou)進行(xing)讀(du)(du)數(shu)，移(yi)動橫向(xiang)滑(hua)架(jia)（或坐標工(gong)作臺(tai)）再使(shi)(shi)(shi)米字(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點與對面(mian)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪(lun)廓(kuo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)影象(xiang)相應(ying)邊和(he)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點重(zhong)合(he)后(hou)進行(xing)第(di)二次(ci)讀(du)(du)數(shu)。二次(ci)讀(du)(du)數(shu)值(zhi)之差即是(shi)被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)徑(jing)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)值(zhi)。為(wei)(wei)了減小因牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)誤(wu)差和(he)安(an)裝誤(wu)差等(deng)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)誤(wu)差，常沿左右牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪(lun)廓(kuo)各測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)一次(ci)，取其算術平均值(zhi)作為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)徑(jing)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)值(zhi)此(ci)(ci)法(fa)利用(yong)(yong)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)刀瞄(miao)(miao)準(zhun)，瞄(miao)(miao)準(zhun)精度較(jiao)影象(xiang)法(fa)為(wei)(wei)高。　圓錐螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)徑(jing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)與圓柱螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)相似，但要考慮由圓錐角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)變化。　螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)和(he)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang) 　常在工(gong)具(ju)顯微鏡(jing)(jing)上采(cai)用(yong)(yong)影象(xiang)法(fa)或軸(zhou)切法(fa)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)(yong)影象(xiang)法(fa)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)普通(tong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)時，先使(shi)(shi)(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)目鏡(jing)(jing)（圖(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)未表示）對準(zhun)零位，并使(shi)(shi)(shi)米字(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點與牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪(lun)廓(kuo)影象(xiang)一邊的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點重(zhong)合(he)，然后(hou)轉動測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)目鏡(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)手輪(lun)使(shi)(shi)(shi)米字(zi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)虛線(xian)(xian)(xian)與此(ci)(ci)邊重(zhong)合(he)，即可從測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)目鏡(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)讀(du)(du)出牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)值(zhi)。所示是(shi)用(yong)(yong)軸(zhou)切法(fa)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)。此(ci)(ci)外，還可用(yong)(yong)帶有百分(fen)表的(de)(de)機(ji)械式螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)儀測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)或螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)規(gui)檢驗(yan)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)，用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)樣板檢驗(yan)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)等(deng)。內螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)距(ju)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)徑(jing)一般是(shi)在測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)長儀上采(cai)用(yong)(yong)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)頭測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)。牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)印模方法(fa)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)，以(yi)石膏或其他(ta)凝固(gu)性材料復制出螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)模型后(hou)，在工(gong)具(ju)顯微鏡(jing)(jing)上測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)模型的(de)(de)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)作為(wei)(wei)被測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)牙(ya)(ya)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)半(ban)(ban)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)值(zhi)。

20世紀80年代中期，出現了用電子計(ji)算機數(shu)字控(kong)制技術在專門設(she)計(ji)的測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀上測(ce)(ce)量(liang)高精度內(nei)螺(luo)紋幾何參數(shu)的方法。

長(chang)絲(si)(si)杠(gang)的(de)中(zhong)徑、半(ban)角和螺(luo)距(ju)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)也常(chang)在工(gong)具(ju)顯微(wei)鏡上測(ce)(ce)量(liang)。精(jing)密絲(si)(si)杠(gang)還需要測(ce)(ce)量(liang)螺(luo)旋(xuan)線誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)。圖3為測(ce)(ce)量(liang)螺(luo)旋(xuan)線誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)的(de)激光(guang)(guang)絲(si)(si)杠(gang)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀(yi)的(de)原理(li)。當(dang)絲(si)(si)杠(gang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)過(guo)θ角時，與絲(si)(si)杠(gang)同步回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)圓光(guang)(guang)柵產(chan)生相當(dang)于(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)過(guo) θ角的(de)莫爾條紋數。螺(luo)旋(xuan)線的(de)軸(zhou)向(xiang)位移(yi)通過(guo)安裝在浮動支(zhi)板上的(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)頭(tou)和直角棱鏡由激光(guang)(guang)式(shi)長(chang)度(du)傳感器(qi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為干(gan)涉條紋數。這兩路光(guang)(guang)信號(hao)經(jing)過(guo)各自的(de)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)元件轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為電(dian)信號(hao)，經(jing)放(fang)大、整(zheng)形、分頻、比相后，由記錄(lu)器(qi)記錄(lu)出誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)曲線，也可從中(zhong)得出螺(luo)距(ju)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)。它可測(ce)(ce)量(liang)1米(mi)(mi)5級精(jing)度(du)和2米(mi)(mi)6級精(jing)度(du)的(de)絲(si)(si)杠(gang)。　常(chang)用(yong)螺(luo)紋量(liang)規以通止法進行

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螺紋中徑測量法